10 June 2024, Volume 50 Issue 6
    

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  • Research Progress on the Mechanism of Ultrafiltration Membrane Pollution Caused by Natural Organic Matter in Drinking Water Treatment
    SHI Haotian, YU Shuili, HOU Li′an
    Technology of Water Treatment. 2024, 50(6): 1-7.
    Abstract | Download PDF URL | Cite this Article Knowledge map Save
    Natural organic matter (NOM) is found in surface water, groundwater and soil water. Ultrafiltration (UF) membrane technology has the advantages of low operating pressure, high degree of equipment integration and small footprint, but the composite pollution caused by NOM makes the application management of UF membrane in water treatment complicated. Based on an overview of the source, composition and chemical properties of NOM, this paper describes the composite membrane fouling of different structural characteristics of NOM by analyzing the interaction mechanism between different structural characteristics of NOM molecules. From the factors affecting the complexation of ion and NOM and the effects of complexation on the physicochemical properties of NOM, the composite membrane fouling of ion and NOM was analyzed. In order to provide theoretical support for the optimization of ultrafiltration membrane processing technology.
  • Research Progress of Carbon-based Composite Catalysts for Degradation of Organic Pollutants
    TANG Chaochun, CHEN Junjie, LIU Zhanmeng, XU Haoyou, CAI Hengxiang, CHEN Weide
    Technology of Water Treatment. 2024, 50(6): 8-14.
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    Peroxymonosulfate advanced oxidation process is an effective method to the degrade various organic pollutants. Efficient, economical and environmentally friendly peroxymonosulfate catalysts are the focus of current research. As an environmentally friendly and stable green catalytic material, carbon-based catalysts have strong adsorption capacity and can effectively prevent the leaching of toxic metal ions and secondary pollution. In this paper, three mechanisms of persulfate activation by carbon-based materials are described : free radicals, non-free radicals and the way in which the two mechanisms coexist. The degradation effects of organic pollutants by single transition metal and double transition metal, non-metallic heteroatoms supported on carbon-based materials and biomass material catalysts activated persulfate were described in detail. The research direction of carbon-based catalysts for activating peroxymonosulfate to degrade organic pollutants in wastewater is prospected.
  • Present Situation and Prospect of Water Treatment Residuals in Water Purification Plant
    LI Zhengwei, GAO Xiaotao, MA Hao
    Technology of Water Treatment. 2024, 50(6): 15-20.
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    The water treatment residuals of water purification plants are a kind of wastewater that can not be avoided in the process of water purification. It has the characteristics of large amounts, complex compositions, time and space differences, low solid content, and so on. If it is discharged directly without treatment, it will not only easily lead to water pollution, riverbed siltation, and increase the load of sewage treatment plants, but also lead to waste of water resources. Under the current dual policy requirements of water-saving and environmental protection, the water treatment residuals of water purification plants should be treated and reused. Through literature research, combined with engineering experience, the current status of sludge water treatment in water purification plants was summarized and analyzed. The water treatment residuals treatment technology and treatment process were analyzed, the existing problems were analyzed, and the corresponding solutions were proposed. In order to provide a reference for the rational and safe reuse of water treatment residuals, especially for the design and operation of new water plants.
  • Research Progress of Hollow Glass Microspheres Based Adsorbents in Industrial Water Treatment
    LI Huidong, GUO Jing, LIU Peizu, CUI Kai, FENG Dongsheng, YI Junming
    Technology of Water Treatment. 2024, 50(6): 21-26.
    Abstract | Download PDF URL | Cite this Article Knowledge map Save
    Industrial wastewater has a large output, a variety of harmful substances and great toxicity, and its excessive entry into the food chain will lead to serious health damage. Adsorption technology is considered as a green and sustainable water treatment technology, which has unique advantages in the field of industrial wastewater treatment. The hollow glass microsphere (HGM) is light in weight and has excellent floating performance, which can be used as an outstanding adsorption carrier. The preparation of novel floating adsorbent by modifying or combining it with other materials solves the disadvantage of poor adsorption performance. At the same time, the preparation method and adsorption performance of HGM based adsorbents were emphatically introduced, and the difficulties and characteristics of HGM based adsorbents in treating various industrial wastewater were summarized. Based on HGM modified materials, the adsorption characteristics of HGM in single and complex systems and the main influencing factors in the adsorption process were reviewed: reaction temperature, solution pH, coexisting ions, etc. Finally, the adsorption mechanisms of different HGM based adsorbents are summarized, and the application and development trend of hollow glass microspheres based adsorbents are prospected.
  • Mass Transfer Model of Lithium Extraction from Salt Lake by Electrochemically Switched Ion Permselectivity Technique
    SONG Gaojin, ZHANG Xuefeng, ZHANG Zhonglin, GAO Fengfeng, HAO Xiaogang, JI Zhiyong
    Technology of Water Treatment. 2024, 50(6): 27-33.
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    Electrochemically switched ion permselectivity (ESIP) is a new ion separation technology, which can achieve continuous and highly selective extraction of trace target ions in complex salt solution environment. In order to study the mass transfer behavior of lithium ion (Li+) through the membrane under the coupling of electroactive sites concentration and external electric field, a modified Donnan model is proposed by introducing the electroactive site concentration parameter to modify the electrochemical potential of ions in the membrane phase. At the same time, a one dimensional Li+ mass transfer model for ESIP is successfully established which is based on Nernst-Planck equation and combines with the electroneutrality hypothesis in electrolyte solution, the conservation of interfacial electrochemical potential and Faraday's law. The effects of external electric field, receiving solution concentration, electroactive site concentration and membrane thickness on the mass transfer process of Li+ in ESIP membrane are studied, which provides a basis for the production and scale-up of ESIP separation technology.
  • Research on Repair and Recycling Technology of Waste PVDF Tubular Ultrafiltration Membrane
    PENG Lu, ZHAO Youcai, ZHOU Tao
    Technology of Water Treatment. 2024, 50(6): 34-39.
    Abstract | Download PDF URL | Cite this Article Knowledge map Save
    In order to control replacement costs and extend the service life of tubular ultrafiltration membranes, hydrophilic repair agents have been developed to enable the recovery of waste membranes. The structure and performance of the waste and recycled membranes were explored through XPS, SEM, AFM, pore size characterization, filtration flux, rejection rate and mechanical strength experiments. The results indicated that the lost components of the waste membrane were replenished after repairing experiments. The DMAc contained in the repair agent can also dissolve the organic pollutants adsorbed in the membrane pores. The hydrophilic agent, pore-forming agent and PVDF can jointly contribute to the formation of new pore structures on the surface of recycled membranes, and its mean flow pore diameter increased from 0.087 3 to 0.235 5 μm. The composition of the recycled membrane repair agent with the best overall performance was identified as 15% PVDF, 75% DMAc, 5% PEG and 5% PVP. The water contact angle of the repaired membranes decreased by 31.14%. While meeting the requirements of leachate treatment, the pure water flux of the membrane increased by nearly 4 times. In addition, the tensile strength and tensile elongation at break increased by 52.5% and 137.5%, respectively.
  • Mechanism of Metronidazole Degradation in Peroxymonosulfate System via Activation by MOFs-Derived Porous Carbon
    HE Peihai, LUO Qianying, TIAN Xinmeng, SHI Chunxue, CHEN Huanqi, LIU Zheng
    Technology of Water Treatment. 2024, 50(6): 40-45.
    Abstract | Download PDF URL | Cite this Article Knowledge map Save
    In order to achieve efficient degradation of antibiotic pollutants in a water environment. In this work, based on the idea of bimetallic MOF material construction, the doped bimetallic CoMg-MOF-74 material was prepared by a one-pot synthesis method and then pyrolyzed at high temperature to form a porous carbon catalyst (CoxMgOy/C). The CoxMgOy/C was used as a catalyst in the peroxymonosulfate (PMS) system to treat metronidazole (MNZ) wastewater. The catalytic ability of CoxMgOy/C with different metal ratios of Co and Mg was explored. The effects of MNZ degradation in various water environments were also analyzed. The MNZ degradation pathway was further elucidated. The results showed that the Co1(MgO)1/C-PMS system displayed the perfect MNZ degradation ability, in which the MNZ pollutant can be completely degraded within 30 min by adding only 5 mg of Co1MgO1/C at room temperature. Moreover, the above system also presented excellent anti-interference ability, which can maintain the MNZ degradation efficiency in a wide pH range (3~9) and complex water environments. Employing various advanced characterization and degradation experiments, it can be concluded that a triple MNZ degradation pathway was triggered in the Co1MgO1/C-PMS system. The singlet oxygen (1O2) played a major role, and the sulfate radical (SO4•-) and catalyst-mediated electron transfer expressed a secondary role. Therefore, the received findings of this study provide a novel strategy for the synthesis of high-performance bimetallic catalysts and also contribute a reasonable scientific basis for the MNZ pollution treatment application.
  • Preparation of Covalent Organic Framework (COF) Composite Membranes for Desalination
    ZHANG Xianjuan, ZHANG Yejing, LIU Yanfei, LU Peng, LI Yanshuo
    Technology of Water Treatment. 2024, 50(6): 46-51.
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    Using polyethylene (PE) membrane from the lithium battery industry as the substrate, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was used to modify the PE membrane. Ionic covalent organic framework (COF) materials were prepared by liquid-liquid interfacial polymerization method and covered on the hydrophilic PE membranes surface by vacuum-assisted self-assembly to obtain COF composite membranes (COFMs). The effects of surface properties of PE membranes on the morphology, structure and desalination performance of COFMs were systematically studied. The results showed that the changes of pore size and porosity of the PE membrane surface effectively affected the desalination performance of COFMs. Under the operating pressure of 0.5 MPa, the rejections of the prepared COFMs for the four inorganic salts were as follows: Na2SO4>MgSO4>NaCl>MgCl2. The optimal COFM0.05 showed the rejection of Na2SO4 reached up to 98.83% and the water flux of 4.35 L/(m2·h). In the long-term desalination test, the Na2SO4 rejection rate of COFM0.05 remained stable, indicating that the PE-supported COFMs had excellent stability.
  • Aerobic Biodegradation of Quinoline and Phenol Combined with Denitrification in A Membrane-Aerated Biofilm Reactor
    HUI Ming, ZHENG Guipeng, HU Tengyu, LI Yuanyuan, TIAN Hailong, LI Baoan
    Technology of Water Treatment. 2024, 50(6): 52-56.
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    Quinoline and phenol, the representatives of nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds and phenolic compounds, are difficult to degrade in industrial organic wastewater. This research applied a membrane-aerated biofilm reactor (MABR) to achieve the aerobic degradation of quinoline and phenol driving the denitrification process. The reactor exhibited efficient removal performance of (82.6±10.2)%, (84.5±11.9%) and (67.3±10.6)% for quinoline, phenol and nitrate under different operational conditions, as well as the removal rates of (11.1±1.4,) (3.1±1.2) and (1.91±0.4) g/(m2·d,) respectively. The increased extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) contributed to enhancing the resistance of biofilms against high quinoline and phenol shocks. By analyzing the microbial community structure of biofilms, it was found that the biofilms could effectively enrich aerobic quinolinedegrading bacteria such as Rhodococcus. The co-occurrence of aerobic quinoline degradation gene oxoO and denitrifying gene napA in the same microbial populations indicated the existence of aerobic denitrification driven by quinoline and phenol degradation. Metagenomic analysis further confirmed that Pseudomonas and Raineyella were the key microbial groups responsible for the synergistic functions of aerobic quinoline and phenol degradation combined with denitrification. The results advance our understanding of quinoline and phenol degradation during biological nitrogen removal, and highlight the potential implementation of aerobic denitrification-driven nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds and phenolic compounds from organic industrial wastewaters in MABR.
  • Study on Adsorption Properties of Palygorskite Modified with Sodium Humate for Methyl Violet
    ZHANG Zhifang, WEI Jia, CUI Yanjun, GUI Wenjun, LI Li, GONG Haipeng
    Technology of Water Treatment. 2024, 50(6): 57-62.
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    Palygorskite (also known as attapulgite, abbreviated as PAL) is a natural Mg/Al-rich silicate clay mineral with 2:1 layered chain structure. Due to its unique one-dimensional rod-like crystal morphology and nanopore structure, it has been widely used in adsorption field. The PAL adsorbent were prepared by adding PAL to sodium humate (SA) solution under hydrothermal conditions. The effects of hydrothermal modification on the microstructure and physicochemical properties of PAL adsorbent were systematically studied by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TG), and the adsorption properties of PAL adsorbent for methyl violet (MV) were evaluated. Furthermore, the effects of modifier concentration, pH in solution and duration of oscillation on the adsorption capacity of MV were inspected. The results suggest that the MV from 100 mg/L dye solution can be almost completely removed by PAL adsorbent, with a removal rate of 98%, which is 51% higher than that of natural PAL.
  • Experimental Study on the Adsorption Characteristics of Artificial Zeolite on Ammonia Nitrogen in Service Area Wastewater
    ZENG Bo, REN Tiancheng, ZHAO Hong, DENG Lizhi, WU Yongming, DENG Mi
    Technology of Water Treatment. 2024, 50(6): 63-68.
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    The effects of artificial zeolite (1#, 2#), red volcanic stone and natural zeolite on the removal of ammonia nitrogen from sewage in expressway service area were investigated from the aspects of material, dosage and solid suspended matter. The results showed that the removal effect of artificial zeolite (1#, 2#) on ammonia nitrogen was better than that of red volcanic stone and natural zeolite. Oscillation could improve the removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen, and the oscillation speed of 80 r/min was 23.57% higher than that of static state. The increase of dosage could not only improve the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen, but also shorten the treatment time. Among them, the 4 g/L experimental group can shorten about 17 h compared with the 2 g/L experimental group to achieve similar removal effect. In the 50 g/L experimental group, ammonia nitrogen decreased to 27.35 mg/L at 1 h and approached the corresponding concentration of 23.95 mg/L at 24 h, and the removal rate reached 66.53%. The solid suspended matter (SS) in sewage had no obvious effect on the ammonia nitrogen reduction effect of zeolite, but zeolite had a certain limit of ammonia nitrogen removal, and the concentration could not be reduced continuously. Further adsorption kinetics and thermodynamic analysis showed that the reaction process of artificial zeolite 1# to ammonia nitrogen was more in line with the quasi-second-order kinetics, R2>0.93, and the theoretical adsorption quantity qe(cal) was closer to the experimental adsorption quantity qe(exp). The thermodynamic experiments showed that the adsorption of ammonia nitrogen by artificial zeolite 1# belongs to the endothermic reaction (△H was 3 693.92 J/mol), and the reaction was favorable to the increase of temperature.
  • Effect of Ofloxacin on Operation Efficiency and Mechanism of Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal Process
    GUO Junli, NIU Yuzhi, ZHAO Kailou
    Technology of Water Treatment. 2024, 50(6): 69-74.
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    Ofloxacin (OFX) is a new pollution often detected in wastewater, but there are few reports about the effect of OFX on the performance of enhanced biological phosphorus removal process (EBPR). In order to fill the gap, the effect of OFX concentration on EBPR was investigated at medium temperature and the related mechanism was revealed. Results shows that low concentration (< 0.2 mg/L) OFX had no obvious effect on EBPR, while more than 2.0 mg/L reduced chemical oxygen demand (COD) and phosphate (SOP) removal, especially when 6.0 mg/L OFX reduced the COD and SOP removal efficiency to 74.5%~79.6% and 76.5%~79.8%. High concentration of OFX decreased the sludge concentration and the proportion of organic matter, increased the sludge volume index and promoted the secretion of extracellular polymer (EPS). Typical cycle study found that OFX inhibited the consumption of COD and reduced anaerobic phosphorus release and aerobic excess phosphorus uptake during the anaerobic period. High concentration of OFX inhibited the synthesis of polyhydroxyfatty acid esters (PHA) and promoted glycogen metabolism. Microbial community structure analysis showed that high concentration of OFX decreased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Bacteroidota at the gate level. The results provide data support for revealing the mechanism of OFX inhibiting EBPR.
  • Preparation of Magnetic Composites based Hydrilla verticillata and Their Ultrasonic adsorption on Pb2+ from Aqueous Solution
    GAO Hairong, JIN Shuailong, CHEN Jianjun, TIAN Jiawen, JING Yanyan, DONG yuanfang
    Technology of Water Treatment. 2024, 50(6): 75-79.
    Abstract | Download PDF URL | Cite this Article Knowledge map Save
    To solve the problem of heavy metal pollution effectively from water in China, green and efficient heavy metal adsorption materials are sought. In this paper, eight kinds of agricultural wastes, such as Hydrilla verticillata, Phyllostachys edulis, Eichhornia crassipes and et al, were calcined at high temperature to obtain biochar. By comparing the adsorption effects of different kinds of biochar on heavy metal lead under ultrasonic assisted conditions, Hydrilla verticillata biochar with the strongest adsorption capacity for lead was selected. As was used as carbon source, a new magnetic composite material Fe3O4-HC was prepared by coprecipitation with Fe3O4. The adsorption properties of Pb2+ under different conditions and the influence of coexisting metal ions in water were investigated. The result showed that Fe3O4- HC had the best adsorption effect on Pb2+ at pH=5, adsorbent dosage 0.02 g, Pb2+ concentration 50 mg/L, ultrasonic power 250 W and adsorption time 10 min. The adsorption rate reached 91.59% and the adsorption amount reached 114.49 mg/g. The adsorption process conforms to Langmuir isothermal adsorption model and quasi-second order kinetic equation. The material has high adsorption capacity for Pb2+, adsorbed quickly and can be recovered magnetically, it is expected to be a green heavy metal removal material.
  • The Photothermal Degradation Performance of RhB by WS2@Ag Composites
    CHU Deliang, LIU Zhongxin, WANG Jieqiong
    Technology of Water Treatment. 2024, 50(6): 80-84.
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    The photothermal process is the most efficient energy conversion process in solar energy utilization. In this study, the prepared WS2@Ag composites were used as photothermal catalysts. Combined with peroxynitrite (PMS) assisted catalytic removal of the organic dye RhB, the catalyst was characterized by UV-Vis, XRD, SEM, TEM and XPS tests. The photothermal degradation performance of WS2@Ag composites was evaluated comprehensively in terms of photothermal catalysis, photocatalysis and thermal catalysis under simulated solar irradiation with the degradation of the widely used organic dye RhB. The kinetic analysis showed that the degradation efficiency of WS2@Ag was 1.33 and 1.82 times higher than that of the pure light and pure heat groups, respectively. The degradation rate reached 95% within 50 min. The results of capture experiments and EPR tests showed that the presence of SO4•-、•OH and 1O2 active species in the WS2@Ag/PMS catalytic system synergistically degraded RhB. Finally, the WS2@Ag material was proposed to generate highly active species by activating PMS in different ways to oxidize the degradation mechanism of RhB.
  • The Preparation of Alkali-Modified-Biochar Supported Nano-Hydroxyapatite and its Adsorption of Rhodamine B
    WU Hongwei, ZHU Dacheng, WANG Dengfeng, CHEN Di, ZHANG Xiuhua, ZHANG Baoying
    Technology of Water Treatment. 2024, 50(6): 85-90.
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    In this paper, modified biochar was prepared by chemical activation and then nano-hydroxyapatite was loaded on it to prefabricate composite materials (BC/N-HAP). Rhodamine B (RB) solution was used as the target pollutant to investigate the adsorption of composite materials. The effects of temperature, adsorbent usage, loading amount and pH on the adsorption efficiency were investigated. At the same time, the adsorption kinetics and thermodynamics were also studied. Moreover, the adsorption mechanism was explored. The experimental results showed that the adsorption efficiency was better when the total loading of 1% (W/W N-HAP: BC), the amount of sample added 50 mg, and the pH was 10. Under the optimized conditions, the removal rate of RB was 87.8% within 60 min. Kinetic studies showed that the adsorption process accorded with pseudo-second-order kinetic equation (R2>0.99). Thermodynamic results showed that the adsorption process accorded with Langmuir isotherm model better. The electrostatic interaction is the main force of adsorption of RB dye.
  • Strengthening Methods for Anaerobic Biological Treatment of High Salinity Wastewater
    ZHANG Zhifei, BAI Yuwei, WAN Jinquan, XUE Fei, YAN Zhicheng, ZHU Bin
    Technology of Water Treatment. 2024, 50(6): 91-96.
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    Through a combination of anaerobic digestion bottle pilot experiment and anaerobic pilot plant experiment, salt-tolerant bacterial strains were domesticated and cultivated to enhance the degradation of organic matter and reduce the chloride ion concentration of pharmaceutical high-salt wastewater. The anaerobic pilot test was conducted for five exogenous additives with COD ≈ 2 500 mg/L and ρ(Cl-) ≈ 10 000 mg/L. Six parallel test groups were set up with different dosages of each additive. The best enhancement effect appeared in the experimental group with 2 mmol/L betaine injection, and the COD removal rate increased by about 8% to 60.83% compared with the uninjected group and the chloride ion removal rate reached 8.63%, which realized effective enhancement of anaerobic treatment of high-salt wastewater. Further, the anaerobic treatment of the actual pharmaceutical wastewater with ρ(Cl-) ≈ 10 000 mg/L was effectively operated for 75 days at a pilot scale of 20 t/d using a multi-point reflux two-phase anaerobic deep reactor, and the COD removal rate of the wastewater reached about 65% and the chloride ion adsorption removal rate was 10% under stable operation.
  • Study on the "Fenton+Recapter" Combined Process for Treating Electroplating Nickel Wastewater
    HAN Qi, CHEN Xiaodan, WANG Xiaojiang, WANG Hongjie, GU Yurong
    Technology of Water Treatment. 2024, 50(6): 97-101.
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    The aim of this work was to investigate the "Fenton+Recapter" combined process for treating electroplating nickel wastewater. Firstly, five commonly used dithiocarbamate heavy recapture agents (DTC types) were compared and selected through trial tests. Then, the optimization of the sole Fenton process was carried out, including the dosing molar ratio of Fe2+/H2O2, the dosage of H2O2 and the reaction time. At last, the combined process was simulated to meet the nickel wastewater treatment standards and cost analysis was conducted to determine the optimal fit point of the combined process. The experimental results showed that DTC-2 was a more suitable heavy recapture agent, with advantages such as a wide pH adaptation range (3.0~11.0), strong anti-interference, fast Ni removal efficiency, and low cost (1.20 ¥/t). The optimal molar ratio of Fe2+/H2O2 in the sole Fenton process was determined to be 0.8, which resulted in the best breaking effect and a 98.5% removal of complex Ni. The optimization of the combined process parameters showed that when the dosage of heavy recapture agent DTC-2 (1%) was 0.08, 0.19, 0.5, 1.25, 7.5 and 25 mL/L respectively, and the residual concentration of complex Ni in Fenton effluent was 0.2, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 1.0 and 1.5 mg/L, the wastewater could meet the discharge standards (complex Ni concentration ≤ 0.1 mg/L). The best fit for the "Fenton+Recapter" combined process was to first treat nickel wastewater with Fenton until the concentration of Ni in the effluent was about 1.0 mg/L, and then use DTC-2 to capture and remove Ni until it meets the standard discharge. Under these conditions, the treatment cost of the combined process was the lowest (7.79 ¥/t).
  • Experimental Study on Electrolysis/Filtration Treatment of High Manganese Groundwater
    YUN Xu, ZHANG Jiku, CHEN Ling, LI Siqi
    Technology of Water Treatment. 2024, 50(6): 102-107.
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    Due to the high redox potential of manganese, most of the traditional processes in the removal of manganese ions in groundwater have unstable effects and other defects. In order to make the removal of manganese ions more cost-effective and efficient, the experimental research on the effectiveness of electrolysis/filtration technology for the treatment of high-manganese groundwater, and test results showed that the electrolysis process and intermediary products produced by the electrolysis process promote the oxidation of manganese ions, and it can be realized to the high efficiency of removing manganese ions from the groundwater.
  • Effect of Polymeric Ferric Sulfate Flocculant on Aerobic Granular Sludge Treatment of Oily Wastewater
    XING Hong, WU Lihong, WANG Te, TIAN Tian
    Technology of Water Treatment. 2024, 50(6): 108-112.
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    In order to clarify the effect of flocculant PFS on the granulation and operation efficiency of aerobic granular sludge, the effect of PFS concentration on the treatment of oily wastewater by PFS and oily wastewater was studied and the related mechanism was revealed. The results showed that the existence of PFS was beneficial to the granulation of AGS and increased the sludge concentration and the proportion of large size sludge in ASG. AGS stability analysis showed that PFS increased the content of extracellular polymer, protein and polysaccharide, and increased Zeta potential. PFS promoted the removal of pollutants, nutrients and oils in the process of AGS treatment of oily wastewater, and the optimum content of PFS was 50 mg/L. As a skeleton micro-structure, PFS provides convenient conditions for microbial proliferation. In addition, PFS has a certain adsorption capacity to improve the removal of pollutants, nutrients and oil. The research results provide some data support and theoretical basis for rapid granulation in the process of AGS treatment of oily wastewater.
  • Impact and Mechanism of Phenol on Aerobic Granular Sludge Treatment of Building Coating Wastewater
    LI Fang, ZHENG Xianju, CHEN Ming, HUANG Weihao
    Technology of Water Treatment. 2024, 50(6): 113-118.
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    Phenol is a commonly used substance in building coatings, but its impact on the granulation process and operational efficiency of aerobic granular sludge (AGS) treatment of building coatings has been rarely explored. To fill the relevant gap, this study investigated the effect of phenol concentration on sludge granulation and operational efficiency during the AGS treatment of building paint wastewater, and analyzed the relevant mechanisms. The results showed that phenol below 0.2 mg/L had no significant effect on AGS, while phenol above 2.0 mg/L reduced AGS granulation and reduced the efficiency of AGS in treating building paint wastewater. Mechanism analysis shows that high concentration of phenol reduces the sludge concentration within AGS and reduces the proportion of organic matter. In addition, high concentration of phenol increases the content of extracellular polymers (EPS), including SB-EPS and LB-EPS. More than 2.0 mg/L phenol reduced the operational efficiency of AGS treatment of wastewater. Within the 20.0 mg/L phenol group, the removal rates of COD, NH4+-N, and total nitrogen (TN) decreased to 81.6%~83.5%, 81.6%~84.5%, and 50.8%~51.9%. In addition, high concentrations of phenol reduce the specific oxygen consumption rate and microbial metabolism, leading to inhibition of nutrient removal. The research results provide certain data support for AGS treatment of building paint wastewater containing phenol.
  • Study on the Influence Mechanism of Salinity on the Treatment of Livestock and Poultry Breeding Wastewater by Aerobic Granular Sludge
    XU Yazhou, YANG Xuemei, ZHANG Qun
    Technology of Water Treatment. 2024, 50(6): 119-124.
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    This study investigated the effects of salinity on the treatment of livestock and poultry wastewater using aerobic granular sludge (AGS) at room temperature. The sludge characteristics and microbial community structure of AGS under different salinity environments were analyzed, and the relevant mechanisms were revealed. The results showed that low salinity (below 1.0 g/L) was beneficial for AGS to remove pollutants and nutrients, while high concentration salinity reduced nutrient removal and increased extracellular polymer (EPS) secretion. When the salinity was 0.2 g/L, the removal efficiency of COD, NH4+-N, TN, and PO43--P was as high as 94.6%~95.2%, 94.6%~96.8%, 70.6%~72.1%, and 88.5%~92.1%, respectively. However, when the salinity exceeded 1.0 g/L, the removal efficiency of pollutants and nutrients significantly decreased. Salinity affected the characteristics of AGS sludge and increased protein secretion. Salinity effectively improved the settling ability of AGS sludge. Microbiological mechanism analysis showed that the relative abundance of microorganisms related to organic matter degradation and nitrogen and phosphorus removal in AGS increases under the action of 0.2 g/L salinity.
  • Comparative Study of Low Temperature on Sewage Treatment by Sludge-biofilm Combination Method and Pure Biofilm Method
    WU Jiali, YANG Shuming, ZHAO Zhiyong, ZHU Rongxin, WANG Yin, ZHAO Xiaolong
    Technology of Water Treatment. 2024, 50(6): 125-130.
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    Two SBR reactors with built-in polyurethane sponge fillers were used to construct sludge-biofilm combination and pure biofilm systems, respectively. A comparative study was conducted on the pollutant removal performance and microbial community changes of the two biofilm reactors during the cooling process (17 ℃ to 10 ℃ and 5 ℃). The results shows that the removal of COD and TP during the entire cooling process is less affected by temperature, and the removal rates of COD and TP in the two reactors still reach over 90% at 5 ℃; NH4+- N and TN are greatly affected by temperature, and the removal rates of NH4+-N and TN in the relatively good operating sludge membrane reactor have decreased from 98% and 81% to 52% and 45%, respectively; The results of microbial population structure analysis showed that with the decrease of temperature, the diversity of microbial community significantly decreased, the abundance of Nitrosomonas and Nitrospira bacteria that reacted with the nitrification process significantly decreased, and the abundance of Dechromonas bacteria related to denitrification phosphorus removal significantly increased; Compared with the two reactors, the sludge-biofilm combination reactor has a higher number of nitrifying bacteria on the biofilm at low temperatures, higher denitrification efficiency, and better operational stability, indicating that the sludge-biofilm combination reactor is more suitable for low-temperature sewage treatment.
  • HPB Process is Used in the Pilot Test of Expansion and Upgrading of Sewage Plant
    LYU Shouwei, YI Jing, GU Qun
    Technology of Water Treatment. 2024, 50(6): 131-135.
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    HPB(High concentration powder carrier bio-fluidized bed)process is proposed to increase the output of a water plant due to excessive water intake. Therefore, pilot test is conducted to verify the feasibility of this technology and the treatment results of high concentration industrial wastewater in north China at low temperature. During the test, the inlet water quality of the pilot plant was the same as that of the original water plant. The results showed that under condition Ⅰ, when the hydraulic retention time was 25.84 h (30 000 tons/day in the simulated plant area), the COD removal rate of the pilot system was 96.3%, the total nitrogen removal rate was 91.1%, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate was 96.0%, and the total phosphorus removal rate was 98.8%. Operating condition ⅠⅠ: When the hydraulic retention time is 20.0 h (40 000 tons/day in the simulated plant area), the COD removal rate of the pilot system is 94.3%, the total nitrogen removal rate is 93.4%, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate is 96.4% and the total phosphorus removal rate is 98.4%. Under the extreme conditions, the hydraulic residence time is 15.6~20.0 h (4~53,300 tons/day in the simulated plant area), and the removal rate of COD, total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus in the pilot system is 94.5%, 92.0%, 96.8% and 98.3%. When the hydraulic retention time is halved, the effluent from the pilot plant is still close to or even better than the original plant, and the effluent quality of the secondary sedimentation tank is stable (COD<100 mg/L, ρ(NH3-N)<1.5 mg/L,ρ(TN)<10 mg/L,ρ(TP)<0.3 mg/L). The pilot test verifies the possibility of HPB being used in the upgrading and expansion of the water plant at low temperature in north China, which lays a foundation for the future production test.
  • Application of Magnetic Precipitation Process in PCB Wastewater Treatment
    XU Shaohua, HAN Haisheng, HONG Yujia, YUE Pengxiang, FAN Yuanhong, ZHONG Senlin
    Technology of Water Treatment. 2024, 50(6): 136-139.
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    The wastewater treatment capacity of a centralized wastewater treatment station in a PCB park in Guangdong province was 12 000 m3/d, and the total phosphorus emission standard was 0.5 mg/L. The Fenton oxidation clarification process was used for advanced treatment, due to the presence of some sub-phosphorous in the wastewater. The wastewater treatment plant is located in the core of the industrial park, land use is tight, and Fenton oxidation supportsthe conventional clarifier because of the lack of area, there is floating sludge, TP and SS are difficult to achieve stable standards. According to the field conditions, the existing clarifier was transformed into a high-efficiency magnetic precipitation clarifier to improve the purification index of Fenton oxidation effluent. The results of long-term operation show that the magnetic precipitation process has a good clarifying effect on the Fenton oxidation effluent of PCB wastewater. When the concentration of influent suspension ≤1 000 mg/L and total phosphorus ≤2.0 mg/L, the concentration of effluent suspension ≤30 mg/L and total phosphorus ≤0.5 mg/L, the area of the magnetic precipitation system was 76m2, the surface load of the precipitation was ≥12.5 m3/(m2·h), the peak value of treated water can reach 15 000 m3/d, the cost of power consumption is 0.042 yuan/t of water, the cost of magnetic powder consumption is 0.011 3 yuan/t of water.The high degree of automation, water quality fluctuation adaptability and stability.
  • Application of Improved A2O Oxidation Ditch in Small Town Sewage Treatment Plant
    ZHANG Qingqing, HU Liang, LIAO Yan, HU Xinli
    Technology of Water Treatment. 2024, 50(6): 140-143.
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    Taking a sewage treatment plant in Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province as an example, aiming at the characteristics of small town sewage, the project application of improving A2O oxidation ditch based on closure and combined drainage system for small town sewage treatment was carried out. The biochemical treatment scheme of the sewage plant was demonstrated. The technological process, equipment parameters, project investment, main economic and technical indexes and operation conditions were introduced. The operation data showed that the process has excellent nitrogen and phosphorus removal effect, strong impact load resistance and stable effluent quality, which can meet the level A standard of Pollutant Discharge Standard for Urban Sewage Treatment Plant (GB 18918-2002) and the level I standard of Water Pollutant Discharge Limit of Guangdong Province (DB 44/26-2001) in the second period. In particular, the NH3-N effluent concentration of 0.02 mg/L is far lower than the limit of emission standard. The process covers a small area, the equipment is simple to operate, the economy is less developed small and medium-sized towns are more friendly. The successful utilization of the project has a certain reference value for small-town sewage treatment.
  • Practice of Leachate Treatment Engineering of a Domestic Waste Incineration Power Plant in Jiangxi Province
    ZHANG Kaijun, GUO Qin, XIE Huaming, XU Jingjing, JIA Shuang
    Technology of Water Treatment. 2024, 50(6): 144-147.
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    For a domestic waste incineration power plant in Jiangxi designed a set of leachate treatment system, the system treatment scale of 220 m3/d, the leachate treatment system using pretreatment + regulation pool + UASB + sedimentation pool +A/O+external tubular UF + nanofiltration + reverse osmosis, the concentrate using DTRO deep treatment of the main process, the effluent water quality to meet the "urban sewage recycling industrial water quality" (GB/T19923-2005) in table 1 open circulating cooling water system supplement water standards. This paper mainly elaborates the process flow, key equipment and design parameters of the structure of the leachate treatment system, and the project operation results show that the COD, BOD5, NH3-N and SS removal rates of the effluent index are more than the design parameter, and the sewage treatment results are better than the design requirements in the stable operation of the project for half a year.
  • Engineering Example and Analysis of Cephalosporin Antibiotic Pharmaceutical Wastewater Treatment Project
    XU Liya, XU Meng, TIAN Qiping, XIE Shangqi, CHEN Jingjing
    Technology of Water Treatment. 2024, 50(6): 148-152.
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    In view of the complex composition, high COD concentration, high salt content and poor biochemistry of cephalosporin antibiotics pharmaceutical wastewater, the combined process of "degassing tower + microelectrolysis + Fenton + coagulation precipitation + evaporation + hydrolysis acidification + anaerobic + hypoxia + contact oxidation + MBR + coagulation and precipitation" was used to treat the cephalosporin antibiotic pharmaceutical wastewater. The results of engineering operation show that the removal rate of COD, NH3-N, TP and salinity of the process can reach 99%, 94%, 99%and 99% respectively, the combined process has good treatment effect, stable operation, strong impact load resistance, and the effluent quality meets the requirements of the sewage treatment plant in the park.
  • Application of Biochemical-Ultrafiltration-Nanofiltration Combined Process in Kitchen Waste Water Treatment
    YANG Weiqiu
    Technology of Water Treatment. 2024, 50(6): 153-156.
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    The engineering application by combined slag pretreatment, anaerobic reactor, two-stage AO process, and external ultrafiltration and nanofiltration (two-membrane process) for wastewater treatment from food waste was introduced. In the steadily running period, the COD concentration of effluent stabilizes between 264~347 mg/L under the COD concentration of influent was 72 315~78 562 mg/L, and the COD removing rate reaches 99.5%~99.7%. This paper studied the effect of the pressure,temperature, pH and running time of nanofiltration on the membrane separation performance. The result showed that the water quality can meet the requirement for the Grade B index of the standard of quality of sewage discharged into the urban sewer (GB/T 31962-2015 ). The concentrated water from the nanofiltration system was used for the solidification of fly ash from the waste incinerator in the vein industrial park. Finally, the project investment, operation cost and economic benefit are analyzed and discussed.
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Gao Congjie (Academician of Chinese Academy of Engineering)
Editor in Chief：Wang Qi
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